最近碰到的一個問題,需要在asp和客戶端調用.NET的webservice,也就是說需要用vbscript或javascript來調用webservice。在網上看了看,大多數方案都是利用SOAP Toolkit,但是因為SOAP Toolkit在今年就會被停止后續的支持了,并且要使用soapclient需要專門安裝SOAP Toolkit,這對客戶端來說不具有通用性,因此想到了使用xmlhttp,利用xmlhttp來和webservice交互。
客戶端代碼如下: <script language="vbscript"> Set objHTTP = CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP") Set xmlDOC =CreateObject("MSXML.DOMDocument") strWebserviceURL = "http://localhost/possible/Service1.asmx/add" '設置參數及其值 strRequest = "x=2&y=3" objHTTP.Open "POST", strWebserviceURL, False '設置這個Content-Type很重要 objHTTP.SetRequestHeader "Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" objHTTP.Send(strRequest) bOK = xmlDOC.load(objHTTP.responseXML) '看看狀態值 msgBox objHTTP.Status msgbox objHTTP.StatusText 'objHTTP.Status=200,這里就可以處理返回的xml片段了 '如果需要,可以替換返回的xml字符串當中的<和> xmlStr = xmlDOC.xml xmlStr = Replace(xmlStr,"<","<",1,-1,1) xmlStr = Replace(xmlStr,">",">",1,-1,1) msgbox xmlStr </script>
改為服務器端的asp代碼為: <% Set objHTTP = Server.CreateObject("MSXML2.XMLHTTP") Set xmlDOC =Server.CreateObject("MSXML.DOMDocument") strWebserviceURL = "http://localhost/possible/Service1.asmx/add" '設置參數及其值 strRequest = "x=2&y=3" objHTTP.Open "POST", strWebserviceURL, False '設置這個Content-Type很重要 objHTTP.SetRequestHeader "Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" objHTTP.Send(strRequest) bOK = xmlDOC.load(objHTTP.responseXML) '看看狀態值 if objHTTP.Status=200 then xmlStr = xmlDOC.xml xmlStr = Replace(xmlStr,"<","<",1,-1,1) xmlStr = Replace(xmlStr,">",">",1,-1,1) Response.Write xmlStr else Response.Write objHTTP.Statu&"<br>" Response.Write objHTTP.StatusText end if %>
以上代碼在本地測試都沒有問題(在部署webservice的本地機器上測試的),然而把strWebserviceURL = "http://localhost/possible/Service1.asmx/add"改為部署在其他機器上的webservice時,卻出了問題,結果一直是返回500錯誤,即objHTTP.Status一直都為500。 原因在于.Net Framework1.1默認不支持HttpGet和HttpPost。如果修改webservice里的web.config增加 <webServices> <protocols> <add name="HttpPost"/> <add name="HttpGet"/> </protocols> </webServices> 后,上代碼就可以調用遠程機器上的webservice了。 而利用SOAP發送在默認情況下即可得到.Net Framework1.1的支持,因此用構造Soap請求的xml字符串給xmlhttp對象來send的方法就對遠程服務器的web.config沒有要求了,于是根據local顯示的例子構造了一個soapRequest的string,發送給了即將部署的遠程主機,結果返回了200的status code,并且可以順利取得responseXML.類似代碼如下:
客戶端代碼如下: <script language="vbscript"> Dim url,xmlhttp,dom,node,xmlDOC '根據webservice的測試頁不同的方法構造不同的soap request SoapRequest = "<?xml version="&CHR(34)&"1.0"&CHR(34)&" encoding="&CHR(34)&"utf-8"&CHR(34)&"?>"& _ "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="&CHR(34)&"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"&CHR(34)&" "& _ "xmlns:xsd="&CHR(34)&"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"&CHR(34)&" "& _ "xmlns:soap="&CHR(34)&"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"&CHR(34)&">"& _ "<soap:Body>"& _ "<add xmlns="&CHR(34)&"http://localhost"&CHR(34)&">"& _ "<x>3</x>"& _ "<y>4</y>"& _ "</add>"& _ "</soap:Body>"& _ "</soap:Envelope>" url = "http://www.xxxx.com/Service1.asmx?methodname=Add" Set xmlDOC =CreateObject("MSXML.DOMDocument") xmlDOC.loadXML(SoapRequest) Set xmlhttp = CreateObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP") xmlhttp.Open "POST",url,false xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=utf-8" 'SOAPAction這個Header頭同樣可以在sample中找到 xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "SOAPAction", "http://localhost/add" xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "Content-Length",LEN(SoapRequest) xmlhttp.Send(xmlDOC) msgbox xmlhttp.Status msgbox xmlhttp.StatusText msgbox xmlhttp.responseText If xmlhttp.Status = 200 Then xmlDOC.load(xmlhttp.responseXML) msgbox "執行結果為:"&xmlDOC.getElementsByTagName("addResult")(0).text else msgbox "failed" end if </script>
改為服務器端的asp代碼為: <% Dim url,xmlhttp,dom,node,xmlDOC '根據webservice的測試頁不同的方法構造不同的soap request SoapRequest = "<?xml version="&CHR(34)&"1.0"&CHR(34)&" encoding="&CHR(34)&"utf-8"&CHR(34)&"?>"& _ "<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi="&CHR(34)&"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"&CHR(34)&" "& _ "xmlns:xsd="&CHR(34)&"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"&CHR(34)&" "& _ "xmlns:soap="&CHR(34)&"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"&CHR(34)&">"& _ "<soap:Body>"& _ "<add xmlns="&CHR(34)&"http://localhost"&CHR(34)&">"& _ "<x>3</x>"& _ "<y>4</y>"& _ "</add>"& _ "</soap:Body>"& _ "</soap:Envelope>" url = "http://www.xxxx.com/Service1.asmx?methodname=Add" Set xmlDOC =server.CreateObject("MSXML.DOMDocument") xmlDOC.loadXML(SoapRequest) Set xmlhttp = server.CreateObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP") xmlhttp.Open "POST",url,false xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "Content-Type", "text/xml;charset=utf-8" xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "SOAPAction", "http://localhost/add" xmlhttp.setRequestHeader "Content-Length",LEN(SoapRequest) xmlhttp.Send(xmlDOC) If xmlhttp.Status = 200 Then xmlDOC.load(xmlhttp.responseXML) Response.Write xmlhttp.Status&"<br>" Response.Write xmlhttp.StatusText&"<br>執行結果為:" Response.Write xmlDOC.getElementsByTagName("addResult")(0).text else Response.Write xmlhttp.Status&"<br>" Response.Write xmlhttp.StatusText end if %>
以上用的都是vbscript的,對于javascript基本上都是一樣的,只需要做一些小的改動,具體代碼這里就省略了。
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附: 測試時用的webservice文件Service1.asmx的代碼: using System; using System.Collections; using System.ComponentModel; using System.Data; using System.Diagnostics; using System.Web; using System.Web.Services;
namespace possible { /// <summary> /// Service1 的摘要說明。 /// </summary> [WebService(Description="my web service",Name="myService",Namespace="http://localhost")] public class myService : System.Web.Services.WebService { public myService() { //CODEGEN: 該調用是 ASP.NET Web 服務設計器所必需的 InitializeComponent(); }
#region 組件設計器生成的代碼 //Web 服務設計器所必需的 private IContainer components = null; /// <summary> /// 設計器支持所需的方法 - 不要使用代碼編輯器修改 /// 此方法的內容。 /// </summary> private void InitializeComponent() { }
/// <summary> /// 清理所有正在使用的資源。 /// </summary> protected override void Dispose( bool disposing ) { if(disposing && components != null) { components.Dispose(); } base.Dispose(disposing); } #endregion
[WebMethod(Description="返回兩整數之和")] public int add(int x,int y) { return x+y; } } }
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